Textile Learning Details

Quality Management and Inspection:

Inspection:

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An inspection is a major tool of Quality Management. It usually means checking goods by visual observation in contrast to tests. Inspection means checking goods on a properly designed & well-lit table to sort out any defect in the goods or services produced by any organization. If there is no defect or if the defects are within the tolerable limit, the goods are passed for sale or for shipment. In case, during inspection defects are detected in the goods, the goods are rejected. Inspection is one of the main tools of quality assurance. In order to ensure quality, inspection is conducted in three or four ways:

* In-Line inspection,

* Table Inspection

* Pre-final or lot-pass

* Final or Pre-Shipment Inspection.

Some factories conduct pre-final inspections on table passed sewn goods to strengthen inspection procedures. This inspection is conducted by random selection of goods as per a predetermined procedure specified by the Statistical quality Control technique. Three types of materials are generally exposed to inspection.

* All incoming goods,

* All in-process goods,

* All finished goods.

 

In-Line Inspection:

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This means inspecting goods at the time of production so that any defect occurring at this time may be located at the earliest stage or as is called at needlepoint & may be easily repaired. Thus repair becomes easy and cost remains lower. This defect rate remains minimal.

 

Table Inspection:

After completion of production, each item is rigorously inspected on a table to locate any remaining defect. An item without defect is passed while defectives are rejected. Defectives are, however, repaired if possible. Table inspection is the mainstream inspection method. It is also called the “End of the Line Inspection System.” It is the most original inspection system that civilization has discovered.

 

Pre-final Inspection or lot-pass:

Some factories conduct random inspections on table-passed sewn goods to bolster inspection procedures so that no defective goods can pass the rigorous inspection network. This inspection is conducted by random selection of goods as per a predetermined procedure specified by the Statistical Quality Control technique.

 

Final or Pre-Shipment Inspection:

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After packing & cartooning is over, all the items comprising a consignment ready for shipment are also called a lot of population on which statistical method can be successfully used. Any sample randomly taken from such a lot can represent the whole lot.

Pre-shipment inspection is generally conducted by a buyer’s representative. If the reject rate is higher than a pre-set value the whole lot is rejected & returned for a recheck.

 

Inspection of Sizes of Garments:

Each & every garment is manufactured with certain size specifications enabling it to fit a certain client. Generally, buyers send a size specification sheet (size spec) to the vendors, who manufacture them as per size spec. As per the British system, the sizes of shirts are given as XS, S, M, L, XL, and XXL. In Metric system, sizes are shown as given here: 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45 and 46 etc. These numerals denote neck size in centimeters. For instance, 37 size means neck size is 37 cm. In either system of sizes, against each size, there is a set of size specifications for the cuff, collar, length, chest, armhole, etc.

 

In both table inspection & final inspection, garments are checked whether they are manufactured as per size specifications.

For inspection, some quality checkpoints of measurements of different garments are given in this chapter.

 

Size Specification of garments-Bottoms:

General Points of measurement

* Waist-Relaxed

* Waist-Extended

* Front Rise (Excluding WB)

* Back Rise (Excl WB)

* Hip (3.5” up from Crotch) Men’s

* Hip (3” up from Crotch) Women’s

* Thigh-1” below the crotch

* Knee

* Hem Circumference-Relaxed

* Inseam

* Outseam

* Belt loop width

 

Size Measurement of Pant:

Measurement Procedure:

Sl         Item

1          Waist: keep the pant on a table with the front-facing inspector. Measure straight from one side of the waistband to another.

2a        Hip: Keep the pant on a table with the front-facing inspector. Measure 2” down from the bottom of the waistband from side seam to side seam.

2b        Seat: Keep the pant on a table with the front-facing inspector. Measure from side seam to side seam 4” above the crotch.

3          Thigh: Place the pant sideways on a table in such a way that the inseam & outseam remains in one line. Measure from side to side 2” down from the crotch.

4          Knee: Place the pant on a table as mentioned above. Measure from side to side 12” below the crotch.

5          Leg opening: Measure the bottom of the leg from one side to another.

6          Inseam: This is a length from crotch point up to leg bottom.

7          Front rise: Place the pant on a table with their back facing the inspector. Measure from the crotch points up to the top of the waistband.

8          Back Rise: Place the pant on a table with their back facing the inspector. Take care to eliminate any wrinkle on the hip or seat. Measure from the crotch point to the top of the waistband.

9          Out Seam: Measure from the top on the waistband up to the leg bottom.

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